SMART HOME

This project aims to make a smart home safety system for the kitchen to detect LPG gas leaks and prevent explosions. It uses an Arduino Uno, an MQ-2 gas sensor, a relay module, an exhaust fan, and a buzzer. When the system detects a gas leak, it automatically turns on the buzzer and the exhaust fan to keep the area safe by letting out the gas.

Components

• Arduino Uno
• MQ-2 Gas Sensor
• Relay Module
• Exhaust Fan
• Buzzer

Circuit Connections

• MQ-2 Gas Sensor: Connect VCC to 5V, GND to GND, and A0 (analog output) to an analog pin (e.g., A3) on the Arduino.
• Relay Module: Connect the control signal pin to a digital pin (e.g., D3) on the Arduino, VCC to 5V, and GND to GND.
• Exhaust Fan: Connect to the relay module.
• Buzzer: Connect positive to a digital pin (e.g., D2) and negative to GND.

Circuit diagram is given below:

The code is given below:

// Define pins
const int gasSensorPin = A3;     // Analog pin for MQ-2 gas sensor
const int relayPin = 3;          // Digital pin for Relay Module
const int buzzerPin = 2;         // Digital pin for Buzzer

// Threshold value for gas detection
const int gasThreshold = 300;    // Adjust based on calibration

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);
  
  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(gasSensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
  
  // Ensure the fan and buzzer are off initially
  digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  // Read the gas sensor value
  int gasValue = analogRead(gasSensorPin);
  Serial.print("Gas Sensor Value: ");
  Serial.println(gasValue);
  
  // Check if gas value exceeds the threshold
  if (gasValue > gasThreshold) {
    // Gas leak detected, activate buzzer and exhaust fan
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH);  // Turn on exhaust fan
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH); // Turn on buzzer
  } else {
    // No gas leak, turn off buzzer and exhaust fan
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);   // Turn off exhaust fan
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);  // Turn off buzzer
  }
  
  // Short delay before next reading
  delay(1000);
}

Benefits

• Automatic Gas Leak Detection: Ensures quick response to gas leaks, reducing the risk of explosion.
• Ventilation System: Automatically activates to expel leaked gas, improving safety.
• Audible Alert: The buzzer provides an immediate warning to occupants, ensuring they can take further action if needed.

Application:

1. Residential Homes

• Kitchens: Provides an essential safety measure for households using LPG for cooking, ensuring immediate detection and mitigation of gas leaks.
• Utility Rooms: Monitors areas where gas appliances like water heaters or dryers are located, enhancing overall home safety.

2. Commercial Kitchens

• Restaurants and Cafes: Ensures the safety of commercial cooking environments where large amounts of LPG are used, protecting both staff and customers.
• Catering Services: Enhances safety in mobile kitchens used by catering companies, preventing gas leaks during operations.

3. Industrial Settings

• Manufacturing Plants: Monitors for gas leaks in facilities where LPG is used in processes, reducing the risk of industrial accidents.
• Warehouses: Protects storage areas where LPG cylinders are kept, ensuring any leaks are quickly addressed.

4. Educational Institutions

• School and University Laboratories: Ensures safety in laboratories where LPG is used for experiments, protecting students and staff.
• Cafeterias: Provides an additional safety layer in school and university cafeterias using LPG for cooking.

5. Healthcare Facilities

• Hospitals and Clinics: Protects areas where LPG is used for medical equipment or in kitchens, ensuring the safety of patients and staff.
• Nursing Homes: Ensures a safe cooking environment, protecting elderly residents from the dangers of gas leaks.